Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most prevalent histological subtype of kidney
cancer, which is prone to metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to radiotherapy and …

Anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) agents were associated with increased risk of
several cardiovascular events, while one meta-analysis did not show any significantly …

Background In the primary analysis of the CLEAR study, lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab
significantly improved progression-free survival and overall survival versus sunitinib in …

Objective: This study aimed to compare the safety profile of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs)
approved for use as monotherapy or combination therapy for the first-line treatment of adult …

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, which is generally resistant to
various treatments. Tumor angiogenesis is deemed to be a pivotal rate-determining step for …

Long term immunosuppression is problematic during sepsis. The PD-1 and PD-L1 immune
checkpoint proteins have potent immunosuppressive functions. Recent studies have …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly transformed the treatment paradigm for
metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), offering prolonged overall survival and achieving …

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a malignancy that exhibits metabolic
reprogramming as a result of genetic mutations. This reprogramming accommodates the …

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a serious threat to people's health due to its rapid
progression, and patients easily develop resistance to targeted therapy. The absent in …

Purpose To analyze and summarize the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) alone
or in combination therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and urothelial carcinoma (UC) …