Cellular DNA is continuously transcribed into RNA by multisubunit RNA polymerases
(RNAPs). The continuity of transcription can be disrupted by DNA lesions that arise from the …

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a powerful technique for determining the structures of
biological macromolecular complexes. Picking single-protein particles from cryo-EM …

Efficient and accurate termination is required for gene transcription in all living organisms,.
Cellular RNA polymerases in both bacteria and eukaryotes can terminate their transcription …

Motivation Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a powerful technique for determining the
structures of large protein complexes. Picking single protein particles from cryo-EM …

Accurate DNA replication and transcription elongation are crucial for preventing the
accumulation of unreplicated DNA and genomic instability. Cells have evolved multiple …

Cellular RNA polymerases (RNAPs) can become trapped on DNA or RNA, threatening
genome stability and limiting free enzyme pools, but how RNAP recycling into active states …

RNA synthesis is central to life, and RNA polymerase (RNAP) depends on accessory factors
for recovery from stalled states and adaptation to environmental changes. Here, we …

Bacterial RNAP needs to form holoenzyme with σ factors to initiate transcription. While
Staphylococcus aureus σA controls housekeeping functions, S. aureus σB regulates …

Following transcript release during intrinsic termination, Escherichia coli RNA polymerase
(RNAP) often remains associated with DNA in a post-termination complex (PTC). RNAPs in …

Mycobacterial HelD is a transcription factor that recycles stalled RNAP by dissociating it from
nucleic acids and, if present, from the antibiotic rifampicin. The rescued RNAP, however …