Evolution of RNA viruses occurs through disequilibria of collections of closely related mutant
spectra or mutant clouds termed viral quasispecies. Here we review the origin of the …

Hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are responsible
for most cases of viral hepatitis. Infection by each type of virus results in a different typical …

Hepatitis C virus has been identified a quarter of a decade ago as a leading cause of
chronic viral hepatitis that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Only a …

The liver is a unique anatomical and immunological site in which antigen‐rich blood from
the gastrointestinal tract is pressed through a network of sinusoids and scanned by antigen …

More than 500 million people worldwide are persistently infected with the hepatitis B virus
(HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) and are at risk of developing chronic liver disease …

The absence of a robust cell culture model of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has severely
limited analysis of the HCV life cycle and the development of effective antivirals and …

Among the many viruses that are known to infect the human liver, hepatitis B virus (HBV)
and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are unique because of their prodigious capacity to cause …

Virus-responsive signaling pathways that induce alpha/beta interferon production and
engage intracellular immune defenses influence the outcome of many viral infections. The …

Since the discovery of the hepatitis C virus over 15 years ago, scientists have raced to
develop diagnostics, study the virus and find new therapies. Yet virtually every attempt to …

Spontaneous resolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in humans usually affords long-
term immunity to persistent viremia and associated liver diseases. Here, we report that …