Data assimilation (DA) holds considerable potential for improving hydrologic predictions as
demonstrated in numerous research studies. However, advances in hydrologic DA research …

Recent studies have started to explore coupled data assimilation (CDA) in coupled ocean–
atmosphere models because of the great potential of CDA to improve climate analysis and …

Data assimilation algorithms combine a numerical model with observations in a quantitative
way. For an optimal combination either variational minimization algorithms or ensemble …

This paper compares several commonly used state-of-the-art ensemble-based data
assimilation methods in a coherent mathematical notation. The study encompasses different …

In recent years, several ensemble-based Kalman filter algorithms have been developed that
have been classified as ensemble square root Kalman filters. Parallel to this development …

Knowing the ice thickness distribution of a glacier is of fundamental importance for a number
of applications, ranging from the planning of glaciological fieldwork to the assessments of …

This study investigates near-shore circulation and wave characteristics applied to a case-
study site in Monterey Bay, California. We integrate physics-based models to resolve wave …

Ensemble Kalman filter methods are typically used in combination with one of two
localization techniques. One technique is covariance localization, or direct forecast error …

Modelling atmospheric dispersal of volcanic ash and aerosols is becoming increasingly
valuable for assessing the potential impacts of explosive volcanic eruptions on buildings, air …

Numerical modeling of the intensity and evolution of flood events are affected by multiple
sources of uncertainty such as precipitation and land surface conditions. To quantify and …