Biomass is a promising renewable source that can reduce fossil fuel consumption and
associated greenhouse gas emissions, but some of its characteristics make it difficult to use …

The heat and mass transport occurring through a rotary kiln has many industrial
applications, such as organic or mineral materials manufacturing. The originality of this …

Heat transfer in particulate materials affects a wide variety of applications ranging from multi-
phase reactors to kilns and calciners. In catalyst manufacturing, heat transfer through …

Clinker formation in coal-fired rotary cement kilns under realistic operation conditions has
been modelled with a commercial axisymmetric CFD code for the gaseous phase including …

The horizontal rotary retort is one of the important equipment in oil shale retorting by solid
heat carrier technology, in which the heating of oil shale plays a crucial role in shale oil …

Rotary kilns are used to convert calcineous raw meal into cement clinkers. In this paper we
present a one-dimensional model to simulate key processes occurring in solid bed of …

The industrial-scale rotating drums are usually operated in the rolling or slumping mode. For
the rolling mode, the granular material bed can be divided into two regions, namely, a …

The zinc oxide rotary kiln, as an essential piece of equipment in the zinc smelting industrial
process, is presenting new challenges in process control. China's strategy of achieving a …

Producing energy and higher value bio-products from waste wood recycled from
construction and demolition (C&D) debris has been proposed as an economically viable …

Heat transport through flowing particulate materials is an essential component of modern
technologies such as heterogeneous catalytic reactors, high performance cryogenic …