We review numerous arguments for primordial black holes (PBHs) based on observational
evidence from a variety of lensing, dynamical, accretion and gravitational-wave effects. This …

This report provides an extensive review of the experimental programme of direct detection
searches of particle dark matter. It focuses mostly on European efforts, both current and …

Dark matter represents currently an outstanding problem in both cosmology and particle
physics. In this review we discuss the possible explanations for dark matter and the …

Over recent decades, cosmological simulations of galaxy formation have been instrumental
in advancing our understanding of structure and galaxy formation in the Universe. These …

A gravitational anomaly is found at weak gravitational acceleration g N≲ 10− 9 ms− 2 from
analyses of the dynamics of wide binary stars selected from the Gaia DR3 database that …

We propose a relativistic gravitational theory leading to modified Newtonian dynamics, a
paradigm that explains the observed universal galactic acceleration scale and related …

There is a growing sense of 'crisis' in the dark-matter particle community, which arises from
the absence of evidence for the most popular candidates for dark-matter particles—such as …

The discovery of the first pulsar in a binary star system, the Hulse–Taylor pulsar, 50 years
ago opened up an entirely new field of experimental gravity. For the first time it was possible …

Context. The census of stellar and substellar companions of nearby stars is largely
incomplete, in particular toward the low-mass brown dwarf and long-period exoplanets. It is …

Although dark matter is a central element of modern cosmology, the history of how it became
accepted as part of the dominant paradigm is often ignored or condensed into an anecdotal …