Functional regulation and structural maintenance of the different organelles in plants
contribute directly to plant development, reproduction and stress responses. To ensure …

The plant cytoskeleton, consisting of actin filaments and microtubules, is a highly dynamic
filamentous framework involved in plant growth, development, and stress responses …

The plant cell wall is an extracellular matrix that envelopes cells, gives them structure and
shape, constitutes the interface with symbionts, and defends plants against external biotic …

Diverse host factors drive microbial variation in plant‐associated environments, whereas
their genetic mechanisms remain largely unexplored. To address this, we coupled the …

The actin cytoskeleton regulates an array of diverse cellular activities that support the
establishment of plant–microbe interactions and plays a critical role in the execution of plant …

Plants respond to bacterial infection acutely with actin remodeling during plant immune
responses. The mechanisms by which bacterial virulence factors (VFs) modulate plant actin …

Formin is an important player in promoting apical actin polymerization in pollen tubes, but
the mechanism regulating its activity remains unknown. We here identify REN1, a Rho …

Legumes have maintained the ability to associate with rhizobia to sustain the nitrogen-fixing
root nodule symbiosis (RNS). In Medicago truncatula, the Nod factor (NF)-dependent …

Since plants lack specialized immune cells, each cell has to defend itself independently
against a plethora of different pathogens. Therefore, successful plant defense strongly relies …

Vesicle and target membrane fusion involves tethering, docking and fusion. The GTPase
SECRETORY4 (SEC4) positions the exocyst complex during vesicle membrane tethering …