Purines and their derivatives, most notably adenosine and ATP, are the key molecules
controlling intracellular energy homoeostasis and nucleotide synthesis. Besides, these …

Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal cerebral glucose metabolism is largely present
in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The brain utilizes glucose as its main energy source and a …

Protein phosphorylation is one of the most widespread post-translational modifications in
biology,. With advances in mass-spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics, 90,000 sites of …

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), covalently closed noncoding RNAs, are widely expressed in
eukaryotes and viruses. They can function by regulating target gene expression, linear RNA …

The mammalian or mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway plays a crucial role in
regulation of cell survival, metabolism, growth and protein synthesis in response to upstream …

The discovery of interleukin-2 (IL-2) changed the molecular understanding of how the
immune system is controlled. IL-2 is a pleiotropic cytokine, and dissecting the signaling …

The aim of this review was to summarize current available information about the role of
phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling …

Protein phosphorylation is an important cellular regulatory mechanism as many enzymes
and receptors are activated/deactivated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events …

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is commonly
upregulated in cancers such as in non-small-cell lung cancer, metastatic colorectal cancer …

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by
uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Malignant cell …