Ferroptosis is a type of cell death that was described less than a decade ago. It is caused by
the excess of free intracellular iron that leads to lipid (hydro) peroxidation. Iron is essential …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. While a number of
nonmotor manifestations arise, the typical clinical features involve a movement disorder …

Growing evidence suggests an increasing significance for the extent of gastrointestinal tract
(GIT) dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD). Most patients suffer from GIT symptoms …

Many of the motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) can be preceded, sometimes for
several years, by non-motor symptoms that include hyposmia, sleep disorders, depression …

Parkinson's disease (PD) usually presents in older adults and typically has both motor and
non-motor dysfunctions. PD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting from …

Neurodegenerative diseases pose a substantial socioeconomic burden on society.
Unfortunately, the aging world population and lack of effective cures foreshadow a negative …

The intestinal milieu harbours the gut microbiota, consisting of a complex community of
bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses and protozoans that bring to the host organism an …

Mitochondrial dysfunction is strongly implicated in the etiology of idiopathic and genetic
Parkinson's disease (PD). However, strategies aimed at ameliorating mitochondrial …

Fractalkine (FKN, CX3CL1) is a transmembrane chemokine expressed by neurons in the
central nervous system (CNS). CX3CL1 signals through its unique receptor, CX3CR1, that is …

Over 20 years ago, the synaptic protein α-synuclein was identified as the primary component
of the Lewy bodies (LBs) that are a sine qua non of Parkinson's disease (PD). Since that …