Spreading depression (SD) is a transient wave of near-complete neuronal and glial
depolarization associated with massive transmembrane ionic and water shifts. It is …

A modern understanding of how cerebral cortical lesions develop after acute brain injury is
based on Aristides Leão's historic discoveries of spreading depression and asphyxial/anoxic …

Spreading depolarizations (SD) are waves of abrupt, near-complete breakdown of neuronal
transmembrane ion gradients, are the largest possible pathophysiologic disruption of viable …

The term spreading depolarization describes a wave in the gray matter of the central
nervous system characterized by swelling of neurons, distortion of dendritic spines, a large …

Cortical spreading depression (CSD), a slowly propagated wave of depolarization followed
by suppression of brain activity, is a remarkably complex event that involves dramatic …

Punctuated episodes of spreading depolarizations erupt in the brain, encumbering tissue
structure and function, and raising fascinating unanswered questions concerning their …

The term spreading depolarization (SD) refers to waves of abrupt, sustained mass
depolarization in gray matter of the CNS. SD, which spreads from neuron to neuron in …

Nearly sixty years ago Fredrich Timm developed a histochemical technique that revealed a
rich reserve of free zinc in distinct regions of the brain. Subsequent electron microscopy …

Nimodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that blocks the flux of
extracellular calcium through L-type, voltage-gated calcium channels. While nimodipine is …

Neuronal cytotoxic edema is the morphological correlate of the near-complete neuronal
battery breakdown called spreading depolarization, or conversely, spreading depolarization …