Real-time closed-loop control of metallurgical processes is still in its infancy, mostly based
on simple models and limited sensor data and challenged by extreme temperature and …

This contribution focuses on the development of Model Order Reduction (MOR) for one-way
coupled steady state linear thermo-mechanical problems in a finite element setting. We …

The safety and longevity of key blast furnace (BF) equipment determine the stable and low-
carbon production of iron. This paper presents an analysis of the heat transfer characteristics …

For a heat treatment furnace, the precise study of the flow characteristics, combustion and
heat transfer in the furnace is essential to know the temperature distribution in a slab during …

To achieve higher blast furnace (BF) main trough availability and to minimize the frequency
of reparations is a key concern in the steelmaking industry. For this purpose, strategies to …

Suspension magnetization roaster is an efficient equipment for the separation of complex
low-grade ore, and the operation of its main furnace directly influences product quality and …

A long campaign life of the trough of the blast furnace (BF) is important for improving the BF
operation efficiency, reducing the cost of blast furnace ironmaking, and bettering the working …

During steel casting process a jet of molten metal runs out of the blast furnace hearth and
strikes the runner. The continuous impact of hot fluids causes significant damage to its …

A transient 3D CFD model is solved to investigate the features of the complex flow in a blast
furnace trough. Hot metal, slag, and air are considered as different phases of the flow. The …

A mathematical model for the transient thermal behaviour of the main trough of a blast
furnace (BF) is presented. The proposed model consists of the transient heat equation with …