Motile Escherichia coli cells track gradients of attractant and repellent chemicals in their
environment with transmembrane chemoreceptor proteins. These receptors operate in …

▪ Abstract Flagellated bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, swim by rotating thin helical
filaments, each driven at its base by a reversible rotary motor, powered by an ion flux. A …

The structure of the rotary motor was described in Chapter 9 (Fig. 9.3) and its assembly was
discussed in Chapter 10. Here, I will say more about function. Given that the diameter of the …

Bacteria must be able to respond to a changing environment, and one way to respond is to
move. The transduction of sensory signals alters the concentration of small phosphorylated …

Two-component signal transduction based on phosphotransfer from a histidine protein
kinase to a response regulator protein is a prevalent strategy for coupling environmental …

How ligand binding alters integrin conformation in outside-in signaling, and how inside-out
signals alter integrin affinity for ligand, have been mysterious. We address this with electron …

Two-component signal-transducing systems are ubiquitously distributed communication
interfaces in bacteria. They consist of a histidine kinase that senses a specific environmental …

Chemoreceptors are crucial components in the bacterial sensory systems that mediate
chemotaxis. Chemotactic responses exhibit exquisite sensitivity, extensive dynamic range …

Chemotaxis is the directed motility by means of which microbes sense chemical cues and
relocate towards more favorable environments. Methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins …

The study of chemotaxis describes the cellular processes that control the movement of
organisms toward favorable environments. In bacteria and archaea, motility is controlled by …