A better understanding of top-down estimating practices and their contribution to budgeting
accuracy allows public transportation agencies to allocate limited construction funds more …

Skewed bidding is advocated as a contractor bidding strategy to obtain higher profit at the
expense of the owner or gain competitive advantage over other bidders. Many scholars …

Transportation agencies worldwide have been preparing themselves to face the growing
demand for transportation infrastructure by forming public-private partnerships (PPP) …

Data-driven models using historical project attributes to estimate future construction costs,
such as multiple-regression analysis and artificial neural networks are both proven …

Published research on unbalanced bidding either shows the owners' perspective or intends
to represent the contractors' views through theoretical models. This paper aims to reflect the …

Unit-price contracts are awarded based on estimated quantities while payment to the
contractor is based on actual quantities of work. In many cases, estimated and actual …

Unbalanced pricing in competitive bidding is a source of concern for public authorities
responsible for managing the tendering stage of public work projects. This paper studies …

The focus of this study is on the A+ B transportation procurement mechanism, which uses
the proposed cost (A component) and the proposed time (B component) to score contractors' …

The application of a unit-price contract is nascent in railway construction projects in China.
The investment risks for owners arising from unbalanced bidding in unit-price contracts …

Practitioners increasingly use pavement management systems for determining the allocation
of resources for multidecade investments. One important and uncertain input that will affect …