N-Methyl-D-aspartate ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) play key roles in
synaptogenesis, synaptic maturation, long-term plasticity, neuronal network activity, and …

Optogenetic modulation of brain neural activity that combines optical and electrical modes in
a unitary neural system has recently gained robust momentum. Controlling illumination …

Observers learn to fear the context in which they witnessed a demonstrator's aversive
experience, called observational contextual fear conditioning (CFC). The neural …

The ambient temperature and the time delay of signal transmission are very important
influences on the synchronization behavior of neuronal networks. In this paper, a neuronal …

How can short-lived molecules selectively maintain the potentiation of activated synapses to
sustain long-term memory? Here, we find kidney and brain expressed adaptor protein …

Memories initially formed in hippocampus gradually stabilize to cortex over weeks-to-months
for long-term storage. The mechanistic details of this brain re-organization remain poorly …

After learning, memory is initially encoded in the hippocampus but subsequently stabilized
in other brain regions such as the cortex for long-lasting storage. This process is known as …

Considering the individual differences between neurons, the fractional-order framework is
introduced, and the neurons with various orders denote the individual differences during the …

How do we build up our knowledge of the world over time? Many theories of memory
formation and consolidation have posited that the hippocampus stores new information, then …

Long-term memory (LTM) consolidation is thought to require the prior establishment of short-
term memory (STM). Here we show that optogenetic or genetic CaMKII inhibition impairs …