Water is an exceptionally essential source for the presence of life on the earth. The water
quality has seriously affected because of the overgrowth of the population, human activities …

The world water resources are contaminated due to discharge of a large number of
pollutants from industrial and domestic sources. A variety of a single and multiple units of …

Heavy metals in drinking water pose a threat to human health. Populations are exposed to
heavy metals primarily through water consumption, but few heavy metals can bioaccumulate …

Electronic waste (e-waste) is generated from the discarded electronic products. The
generation of e-waste has increased significantly in the recent decades. Globally, the …

Sustainable utilization of the bauxite residue (red mud) generated from the alumina refining
has recently increased due to increased environmental concerns because of its high …

Fly ash, generated during the combustion of coal for energy production, is an industrial by-
product which is recognized as an environmental pollutant. Because of the environmental …

The contamination of groundwater by heavy metal, originating either from natural soil
sources or from anthropogenic sources is a matter of utmost concern to the public health …

Industrial wastes, such as, fly ash, blast furnace slag and sludge, black liquor lignin, red
mud, and waste slurry, etc. are currently being investigated as potential adsorbents for the …

The use of low-cost activated carbon derived from bagasse, an agricultural waste material,
has been investigated as a replacement for the current expensive methods of removing …

Coal fly ash (CFA), a by-product of coal combustion has been regarded as a problematic
solid waste, mainly due to its potentially toxic trace elements, PTEs (eg Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb) and …