Trisomic and monosomic (aneuploid) embryos account for at least 10% of human
pregnancies and, for women nearing the end of their reproductive lifespan, the incidence …

Reproduction is required for the survival of all mammalian species, and thousands of
essential'sex'genes are conserved through evolution. Basic research helps to define these …

In vitro generation of functional gametes is a promising approach for treating infertility,
although faithful replication of meiosis has proven to be a substantial obstacle to deriving …

The generation of properly functioning gametes in vitro requires reconstitution of the
multistepped pathway of germ cell development. We demonstrate here the generation of …

Suppose a school were to set out deliberately to improve the mental and physical capacities
of its students. Suppose its stated aims were to ensure that the pupils left the school not only …

Meiosis is an essential stage in gamete formation in all sexually reproducing organisms.
Studies of mutations in model organisms and of human haplotype patterns are leading to a …

The epigenetic profile of germ cells, which is defined by modifications of DNA and
chromatin, changes dynamically during their development. Many of the changes are …

This article will provide an updated review of spermatogonial stem cells and their role in
maintaining the spermatogenic lineage. Experimental tools used to study spermatogonial …

Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme commonly expressed in almost all living organisms. In
humans and other mammals, determinations of the expression and activity of alkaline …

Infertility creates an immense impact on the psychosocial wellbeing of affected couples,
leading to poor quality of life. Infertility is now considered to be a global health issue …