The scientific investigation of magma fragmentation and the development of experiments to
constrain and quantify its mechanisms, dynamics, efficiency and products was ushered in …

Extension fractures in volcanic systems exist on all scales, from microscopic fractures to
large fissures. They play a fundamental role in the movement of fluids and distribution of …

In the broadest sense, volcanic eruptions are either effusive or explosive. During explosive
eruptions magma fragments and eruption intensity is ultimately related to the fragmentation …

Volcanic eruptions are common, with more than 50 volcanic eruptions in the United States
alone in the past 31 years. These eruptions can have devastating economic and social …

Fragmentation processes in eruptions are commonly contrasted as phreatomagmatic or
magmatic; the latter requires only fragmentation of magma without external intervention, but …

Volcanic eruption models are hampered by the lack of multiphase magmatic flow laws. Most
rheological models estimate the viscosity of multiphase lavas via the Einstein-Roscoe …

Breccia-filled eruption conduits are dynamic systems where pressures frequently exceed
critical thresholds, generating earthquakes and transmitting fluids. To assess the dynamics …

The effect of iron content and iron nanolites on Raman spectra of hydrous geologically-
relevant glasses is presented. Current procedures to estimate the water content using …

Soufrière Hills Volcano had two periods of repetitive Vulcanian activity in 1997. Each
explosion discharged the contents of the upper 0.5–2km of the conduit as pyroclastic flows …

Silicic lavas can be produced by the sintering of pyroclasts in the volcanic sub-surface, and
then advected out of the vent. Here, we provide evidence for this mechanism preserved in …