A review of lithium application for the plasma-facing material in EAST Tokamak

JS Hu, L Li, GZ Zuo, Z Sun, W Xu, XC Meng… - Reviews of Modern …, 2023 - Springer
As a low-Z material, lithium is widely tested and used in tokamak devices for particle
recycling and impurity control to improve plasma performance. Lithium application as …

ELM elimination with Li powder injection in EAST discharges using the tungsten upper divertor

R Maingi, JS Hu, Z Sun, K Tritz, GZ Zuo, W Xu… - Nuclear …, 2018 - iopscience.iop.org
We report the first successful use of lithium (Li) to eliminate edge-localized modes (ELMs)
with tungsten divertor plasma-facing components in the EAST device. Li powder injected …

Results from an improved flowing liquid lithium limiter with increased flow uniformity in high power plasmas in EAST

GZ Zuo, JS Hu, R Maingi, Z Sun, QX Yang… - Nuclear …, 2018 - iopscience.iop.org
Significant engineering and physic progress was made by the upgrade of a flowing liquid
lithium limiter (FLiLi) inserted into EAST H-mode discharges in 2016. The progress includes …

Fusion applications for lithium: wall conditioning in magnetic confinement devices

R Kaita - Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 2019 - iopscience.iop.org
The application of lithium to plasma facing components (PFCs) has been widely used to
improve plasma performance in magnetic confinement devices. The ability of lithium to …

[HTML][HTML] Validation of the model for ELM suppression with 3D magnetic fields using low torque ITER baseline scenario discharges in DIII-D

RA Moyer, C Paz-Soldan, R Nazikian, DM Orlov… - Physics of …, 2017 - pubs.aip.org
Experiments have been executed in the DIII-D tokamak to extend suppression of Edge
Localized Modes (ELMs) with Resonant Magnetic Perturbations (RMPs) to ITER-relevant …

Investigation of the role of pedestal pressure and collisionality on type-I ELM divertor heat loads in DIII-D

M Knolker, A Bortolon, GP Canal, TE Evans… - Nuclear …, 2018 - iopscience.iop.org
A non-dimensional collisionality scan conducted on DIII-D confirms a model for ELM energy
densities recently put forward by Eich (2017 Nucl. Mater. Energy 12 84–90), but also reveals …

ELM suppression by boron powder injection and comparison with lithium powder injection on EAST

R Maingi, JS Hu, Z Sun, A Diallo, K Tritz, YZ Qian… - Journal of Fusion …, 2020 - Springer
Type I edge-localized modes (ELMs) in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting
Tokamak (EAST) were completely suppressed via boron powder injection into the X-point …

Effect of lithium coating on long pulse high performance plasma discharges in EAST

W Xu, JS Hu, Z Sun, R Maingi, L Zhang… - Plasma Physics and …, 2020 - iopscience.iop.org
Control of impurities, fuel recycling and hydrogen content by lithium evaporative coatings
and real-time lithium powder injection (LPI) in EAST are studied for high performance H …

Injected mass deposition thresholds for lithium granule instigated triggering of edge localized modes on EAST

R Lunsford, Z Sun, R Maingi, JS Hu, D Mansfield… - Nuclear …, 2018 - iopscience.iop.org
The ability of an injected lithium granule to promptly trigger an edge localized mode (ELM)
has been established in multiple experiments. By horizontally injecting granules ranging in …

[HTML][HTML] Ejection of molten tin in the presence of a hydrogen plasma

J Bramble, C Moynihan, S Stemmley, J Stermer… - Fusion Engineering and …, 2024 - Elsevier
One of the significant obstacles left if the development of a fusion power plant is the
development of Plasma Facing Components (PFCs) that can withstand the large heat and …