The phenomenon of agonist-antagonist muscle coactivation is discussed with respect to its
consequences for movement mechanics (such as increasing joint apparent stiffness …

We revisit the concept of synergy based on the recently translated classical book by Nikolai
Bernstein (On the construction of movements, Medgiz, Moscow 1947; Latash, Bernstein's …

Key points We used the idea of synergic control and the framework of the uncontrolled
manifold hypothesis to explore the synergic control of a single muscle. Individual motor units …

We describe a physical approach to biological functions, with the emphasis on the motor
and sensory functions. The approach assumes the existence of biology-specific laws of …

The effects and underlying mechanisms of phthalates on neurotoxicity remain unclear as
compared with the potentials of these substances as endocrine disruptors. The locomotor …

We explored the organization of motor units recorded in the flexor digitorum superficialis into
stable groups (MU-modes) and force-stabilizing synergies in spaces of MU-modes. Young …

We explored two aspects of feed-forward postural control, anticipatory postural adjustments
(APAs) and anticipatory synergy adjustments (ASAs) seen prior to self-triggered unloading …

Physics of Biological Action and Perception helps researchers interested in exploring
biological motor control from a physics or alternative viewpoint perspective. The book …

Muscle co-contraction generates joint stiffness to improve stability and accuracy during limb
movement but at the expense of higher energetic cost. However, quantification of joint …

Background: In recent years, the possibility of intervening humans with animal-assisted
therapy (AAT) has been growing due to numerous physical, psychological, and social …