Early engagement of the lymphatic system by solid tumors in peripheral, nonlymphoid
tissues is a clinical hallmark of cancer and often forecasts poor prognosis. The significance …

The formation of new blood vessels, or angiogenesis, is a complex process that plays
important roles in growth and development, tissue and organ regeneration, as well as …

Abnormal blood and lymphatic vessels create a hostile tumor microenvironment
characterized by hypoxia, low pH, and elevated interstitial fluid pressure. These …

All solid tumours require a vascular supply in order to progress. Although the ability to
induce angiogenesis (new blood vessel growth) has long been regarded as essential to this …

Angiogenesis is defined as the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting vessels and
has been characterized as an essential process for tumor cell proliferation and viability. This …

Navigation through the bulk tumour, entry into the blood vasculature, survival in the
circulation, exit at distant sites and resumption of proliferation are all steps necessary for …

Lymph node metastases in cancer patients are associated with tumor aggressiveness,
poorer prognoses, and the recommendation for systemic therapy. Whether cancer cells in …

The lymphatic system, composed of initial and collecting lymphatic vessels as well as lymph
nodes that are present in almost every tissue of the human body, acts as an essential …

The efficacy of angiogenesis inhibitors in cancer is limited by resistance mechanisms that
are poorly understood. Notably, instead of through the induction of angiogenesis, tumor …

The role of angiogenesis in tumor growth has been studied continuously for over 45 years. It
is now appreciated that angiogenesis is also essential for the dissemination and …