Cell death has a central role in innate immune responses in both plants and animals.
Besides sharing striking convergences and similarities in the overall evolutionary …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production increases in plants under stress. ROS can
damage cellular components, but they can also act in signal transduction to help the cell …

Acquired tolerance to heat stress is an increased resistance to elevated temperature
following a prior exposure to heat. The maintenance of acquired thermotolerance in the …

Photosystem II (PSII) is a multi-component pigment-protein complex that is responsible for
water splitting, oxygen evolution, and plastoquinone reduction. Components of PSII can be …

Organ sizes and shapes are strikingly reproducible, despite the variable growth and division
of individual cells within them. To reveal which mechanisms enable this precision, we …

Plastids, mitochondria, and peroxisomes are key organelles with dynamic proteomes in
photosynthetic eukaryotes. Their biogenesis and activity must be coordinated and require …

Cell survival depends on essential processes in mitochondria. Various proteases within
these organelles regulate mitochondrial biogenesis and ensure the complete degradation of …

Chloroplasts originated from the endosymbiosis of ancestral cyanobacteria and maintain
transcription and translation machineries for around 100 proteins. Most endosymbiont …

Plastids undergo drastic morphological and physiological changes under different
developmental stages and in response to environmental conditions. A key to accomplishing …

Mitochondria and autophagy play important roles in the networks that regulate plant leaf
senescence and cell death. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions …