Review on uremic toxins: Classification, concentration, and interindividual variability.
Background The choice of the correct concentration of potential uremic toxins for in vitro, ex …

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is associated with significantly increased morbidity and
mortality resulting from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and infections, accounting for 50 …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) develop increased levels of the phosphate-
regulating hormone, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23, that are associated with a higher risk …

Results Plasma levels of IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-6, TNF-α, hs-CRP, and fibrinogen were higher
among participants with lower levels of eGFR. Inflammation score was higher among those …

All intracellular proteins and many extracellular proteins are continually “turning over;” ie,
they are being hydrolyzed to their constituent amino acids and replaced by new synthesis …

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and inflammation are common and usually concurrent in
maintenance dialysis patients. Many factors that appear to lead to these 2 conditions …

IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α: Central factors in the altered cytokine network of uremia—The good,
the bad, and the ugly. It has been increasingly apparent that wasting and cardiovascular …

Intravascular haemolysis is a fundamental feature of chronic hereditary and acquired
haemolytic anaemias, including those associated with haemoglobinopathies, complement …

Many methods have been used to assess the presence It is believed that malnutrition is
common in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). They have reduced of malnutrition in …

Background Malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome, an outcome predictor in
maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, may be related to anorexia. Objectives We …