The cancer-immunity cycle provides a framework to understand the series of events that
generate anti-cancer immune responses. It emphasizes the iterative nature of the response …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common solid malignancies worldwide.
A large proportion of patients with HCC are diagnosed at advanced stages and are only …

Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy—ranging from immune-checkpoint blockade
therapy to adoptive cellular therapy and vaccines—have revolutionized cancer treatment …

The balance of programmed death-1 (PD-1)-expressing CD8+ T cells and regulatory T
(Treg) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) determines the clinical efficacy of PD-1 …

Cancer immunity, and the potential for cancer immunotherapy, have been topics of scientific
discussion and experimentation for over a hundred years. Several successful cancer …

Recent single-cell studies of cancer in both mice and humans have identified the
emergence of a myofibroblast population specifically marked by the highly restricted leucine …

Anti-PD-1 treatment has shown unprecedented clinical success in the treatment of non-small-
cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood …

CD8+ T cells are critical for elimination of cancer cells. Factors within the tumor
microenvironment (TME) can drive these cells to a hypofunctional state known as …

For many solid malignancies, lymph node (LN) involvement represents a harbinger of
distant metastatic disease and, therefore, an important prognostic factor. Beyond its utility as …

T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell
development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and …