With the successful uptake and inclusion of robotic systems in minimally invasive surgery
and with the increasing application of robotic surgery (RS) in numerous surgical specialities …

OBJECTIVE: To review virtual reality in neurosurgery, including the history of simulation and
virtual reality and some of the current implementations; to examine some of the technical …

This paper systematically describes an interactive dissection approach for hybrid soft tissue
models governed by extended position‐based dynamics. Our framework makes use of a …

BACKGROUND: Surgical simulators are useful in many surgical disciplines to augment
residency training. Duty hour restrictions and increasing emphasis on patient safety and …

Surgery is characterized by complex tasks performed in stressful environments. To enhance
patient safety and reduce errors, surgeons must be trained in environments that mimic the …

Assembling contributions from experienced developers, vendors, researchers, and
educators, OpenGL Insights presents real-world techniques for intermediate and advanced …

This narrative review appraises low-cost simulation systems for surgical training. Low-cost
simulators are needed for minimally invasive and other advanced surgeries because …

The visual fidelity of realistic renderings in Computer Graphics depends fundamentally upon
how we model the appearance of objects resulting from the interaction between light and …

Haptic rendering of complex models is usually prohibitive due to its much higher update rate
requirement compared to visual rendering. Previous works have tried to solve this issue by …

This thesis investigates using 3D printing for developing a low-cost, quick, and simple
fabrication method for the surgical simulation of the basic skills needed in a laparoscopic …