Profiling protein expression at single‐cell resolution is essential for fundamental biological
research (such as cell differentiation and tumor microenvironmental examination) and …

Effective T cell responses against infections and tumors require a swift and ample
production of cytokines, chemokines, and cytotoxic molecules. The production of these …

Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells can effectively kill target cells by producing cytokines, chemokines,
and granzymes. Expression of these effector molecules is however highly divergent, and …

Summary CD4+ T helper (Th) cells are fundamental players in immunity. Based on the
expression of signature cytokines and transcription factors, several Th subsets have been …

Background T cells control viral infection, promote vaccine durability, and in coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) associate with mild disease. We investigated whether prior …

Optimal T cell activation requires Ag recognition through the TCR, engagement of
costimulatory molecules, and cytokines. T cells can also directly recognize danger signals …

Effective T cell responses against invading pathogens require the concerted production of
three key cytokines: TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2. The cytokines functionally synergize, but their …

Discovering antigen-reactive T cell receptors (TCRs) is central to developing effective
engineered T cell immunotherapies. However, the conventional technologies for isolating …

CD4+ T cells are key contributors in the induction of adaptive immune responses against
pathogens. Even though CD4+ T cells are primarily classified as noncytotoxic helper T cells …

Secreted proteins play critical roles in cellular communication. Methods enabling concurrent
measurement of cellular protein secretion, phenotypes and transcriptomes are still …