Abstract Astaxanthin (3, 3′-dihydroxy-β, β-carotene-4, 4′-dione) is an orange-red,
lipophilic keto-carotenoid pigment. It is majorly found in marine ecosystems particularly in …

Carotenoids are a class of natural, fat-soluble pigments found principally in plants. They
have potential antioxidant biological properties because of their chemical structure and …

The traditional diet in Okinawa is anchored by root vegetables (principally sweet potatoes),
green and yellow vegetables, soybean-based foods, and medicinal plants. Marine foods …

Astaxanthin (AX)‐containing preparations are increasingly popular as health food
supplements. Evaluating the maximum safe daily intake of AX is important when setting …

Astaxanthin is a naturally occurring red carotenoid pigment classified as a xanthophyll,
found in microalgae and seafood such as salmon, trout, and shrimp. This review focuses on …

Background Astaxanthin (AST) is a kind of carotenoid natural pigment that has been widely
found in plants, crustaceans' shell, flamingos' feathers and microorganisms. Due to its …

Carotenoids are among the most abundant natural pigments available in nature. These
pigments have received considerable attention because of their biotechnological …

Carotenoids are important phytonutrients with antioxidant properties, and are widely used in
foods and feedstuffs as supplements. Astaxanthin, a red-colored ketocarotenoid, has strong …

Cardiovascular disease is the main contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Based
on its unique chemical features, the xanthophyll carotenoid astaxanthin is being proposed …

Oxidative stress (OS) plays a pivotal role in diabetes mellitus (DM) onset, progression, and
chronic complications. Hyperglycemia-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been …