The kinetic modeling for the nucleation, size growth, and compositional evolution of
nonmetallic inclusions in steel was extensively reviewed in the present article. The …

MgO· Al 2 O 3 spinel inclusions are generally found in steel, and required be controlled
during steelmaking process due to the influences on continuous casting and the quality of …

In this study, to investigate the interfacial reactions among high-Mn high-Al steel, MgO-C
refractory, and refining slag, a series of lab-scale experiments and thermodynamic …

The controls of cleanliness and inclusion characteristics are important issues for the
manufacturing of bearing steels. In this work, the method of Mg pretreatment and Ce addition …

Precise control on inclusions is of great importance for improving steel quality. In secondary
refining, three types of inclusion are generally observed in Al-killed steel: Al 2 O 3, MgO· Al 2 …

The cleanliness and inclusion characteristics are crucial to the service life of bearing steels.
In this work, the effects of addition order and contents of Mg and Ce on cleanliness and …

The 2D and 3D morphology of single and multi particle MgAl 2 O 4 inclusion in the Al-Mg
deoxidized steel were observed in the present experiment. Then, a thermodynamic model of …

Dolomite refractories are widely used in the refining process of clean steel and are
considered potential sources of Mg and Ca that form MgO· Al 2 O 3 spinel and CaO …

Inclusions in 304 stainless steels are transformed from manganese silicate to manganese
chromite (spinel) upon heating in the range of 1000–1350° C, while this transformation is not …

The crystallization of inclusions plays a decisive role in determining the structure, properties
and size distribution of inclusions in steel. MgO· Al 2 O 3 (MA) spinel is one of the most …