The biofilm matrix is a fortress; sheltering bacteria in a protective and nourishing barrier that
allows for growth and adaptation to various surroundings. A variety of different components …

Cells must access resources to survive, and the anatomy of multicellular structures
influences this access. In diverse multicellular eukaryotes, resources are provided by …

Biofilm formation protects bacteria from antibiotic treatment and host immune responses,
making biofilm infections difficult to treat. Within biofilms, bacterial cells are entangled in a …

Infections of the lung cause observable sickness thought to be secondary to inflammation.
Signs of sickness are crucial to alert others via behavioral-immune responses to limit contact …

The Pel exopolysaccharide is one of the most mechanistically conserved and
phylogenetically diverse bacterial biofilm matrix determinants. Pel is a major contributor to …

Biosynthesis of the Pel exopolysaccharide in Pseudomonas aeruginosa requires all seven
genes of the pelABCDEFG operon. The periplasmic modification enzyme PelA contains a C …

Native dispersion, the terminal stage in biofilm development, is characterized by the active
escape of cells from a biofilm, leaving behind central voids or hollow structures. However …

The clinical significance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections and the tolerance of this
opportunistic pathogen to antibiotic therapy makes the development of novel antimicrobial …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic, multidrug-resistant pathogen capable of
adapting to numerous environmental conditions and causing fatal infections in …

Xylella fastidiosa is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes disease in many economically
important crops. It colonizes the plant host xylem and the mouthparts of its insect vectors …