Major depressive disorder is a highly debilitating psychiatric disorder involving the
dysfunction of different cell types in the brain. Microglia are the predominant resident …

Abstract l-Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP) is involved in
the regulation of immunity, neuronal function and intestinal homeostasis. Imbalances in Trp …

Fear is widely recognized as a defensive emotion that has developed as a consequence of
its adaptive function in protecting the entire animal kingdom from danger, ensuring the …

The microbiome-gut-brain axis plays a role in anxiety, the stress response and social
development, and is of growing interest in neuropsychiatric conditions. The gut microbiota …

Many patients with cancer suffer from anemia, depression, and an impaired quality of life
(QoL). These patients often also show decreased plasma tryptophan levels and increased …

The intestinal homeostasis is an orchestrated dynamic equilibrium state composed of the
coexistence and interactions among the nutrients, microbial flora, and immune system. The …

Increasing predictability of animal models of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has
required active collaboration between clinical and preclinical scientists. Modeling PTSD is …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating neuropsychological disorder, which has
caused serious health and socio-economic burdens worldwide. A growing body of evidence …

Many diverse factors, ranging from stress to infections, can perturb brain homeostasis and
alter the physiological activity of microglia, the immune cells of the central nervous system …

Regulation of emotions is generally associated exclusively with the brain. However, there is
evidence that peripheral systems are also involved in mood, stress vulnerability vs …