Behaviours such as eating, copulating, defending oneself or taking addictive drugs begin
with a motivation to initiate the behaviour. Both this motivational drive and the behaviours …

Central regulation of food intake is a key mechanism contributing to energy homeostasis.
Many neural circuits that are thought to orchestrate feeding behavior overlap with the brain's …

Guided by gut sensory cues, humans and animals prefer nutritive sugars over non-caloric
sweeteners, but how the gut steers such preferences remains unknown. In the intestine …

Food is a powerful natural reinforcer that guides feeding decisions. The vagus nerve
conveys internal sensory information from the gut to the brain about nutritional value; …

Food intake is tightly regulated by complex and coordinated gut-brain interactions. Nutrients
rapidly modulate activity in key populations of hypothalamic neurons that regulate food …

Body fat mass increases when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. In the long term,
a positive energy balance will result in obesity. The worldwide prevalence of obesity has …

Because human energy metabolism evolved to favor adiposity over leanness, the
availability of palatable, easily attainable, and calorically dense foods has led to …

Research in the last decade has unveiled a crucial role for the trillions of microorganisms
that reside in the gut in influencing host neurodevelopment across the lifespan via the …

Abstract Agouti-related peptide (AGRP)-expressing neurons are activated by fasting—this
causes hunger,,–, an aversive state that motivates the seeking and consumption of food …

Our wellness relies on continuous interactions between our brain and body: different organs
relay their current state to the brain and are regulated, in turn, by descending visceromotor …