The introduction of high-resolution time lapse imaging and molecular biological tools has
changed dramatically the rate of progress towards the understanding of the complex …

Recent studies have provided long-sought evidence that behavioural learning involves
specific synapse gain and elimination processes, which lead to memory traces that influence …

Background Excitatory synapses in the CNS are highly dynamic structures that can show
activity-dependent remodeling and stabilization in response to learning and memory …

Depression induces structural and functional synaptic plasticity in brain reward circuits,
although the mechanisms promoting these changes and their relevance to behavioral …

Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are the most common
developmental disorders present in humans. Combined, they affect between 3 and 5% of …

Synaptic plasticity mechanisms are usually discussed in terms of changes in synaptic
strength. The capacity of excitatory synapses to rapidly modify the membrane expression of …

The serine/threonine p21-activated kinases (PAKs), as main effectors of the Rho GTPases
Cdc42 and Rac, represent a group of important molecular switches linking the complex …

Rho-class small GTPases are implicated in basic cellular processes at nearly all brain
developmental steps, from neurogenesis and migration to axon guidance and synaptic …

Understanding the autistic brain and the involvement of genetic, non-genetic, and numerous
signaling pathways in the etiology and pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) …

Intellectual disability (ID) imposes a major medical and social–economical problem in our
society. It is defined as a global reduction in cognitive and intellectual abilities, associated …