Background and Objectives: Myelomeningocele is the most severe form of spina bifida, a
congenital neural tube defect arising from an incomplete neural tube closure during early …

Spinal dysraphism is an umbrella term describing herniation of meninges or neural
elements through defective neural arch. They can be broadly categorized into open and …

Abstract Arnold-Chiari malformation (ACM), a defect that involves downward displacement
of the hindbrain and herniation of the cerebellar vermis, tonsils, pons, medulla, and fourth …

Objective To investigate cerebral anomalies other than Chiari type 2 malformation in fetuses
with myelomeningocele (MMC). Design A retrospective cohort study in a single tertiary …

Objective Parents faced with the choice between postnatal management and prenatal
surgery for spina bifida need to have up‐to‐date information on the expected outcomes. The …

Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein is a valuable laboratory test used in pregnant women as
an indicator to detect certain clinical abnormalities. These can be grouped into four main …

OBJECTIVE Open prenatal myelomeningocele (MMC) repair is typically associated with
reversal of in utero hindbrain herniation (HBH) and has been posited to be associated with a …

OBJECTIVE The need for permanent CSF diversion is lower in patients who have
undergone prenatal surgery for myelomeningocele (MMC) than in those who have …

Purpose Spontaneous regression of Chiari malformation type 2 (CM2) is observed rarely, as
CM2 is associated with meningomyelocele (MMC) that is surgically repaired either pre-or …

Background Postnatal closure of a myelomeningocele remains the standard of care in many
countries. The prenatal closure has given hope for decreasing the damage to the neural …