The artificial neural networks (ANN) and the empirical methods of Priestley-Taylor, Makkink,
Hargreaves and mass transfer were used to estimate the reference evapotranspiration with …

Many empirical equations and methods have been used and proposed in order to estimate
the solar radiation (R s). In this work, empirical equations, such as Hargreaves method …

The aim of the study was to investigate the utility of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the
estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) on the Peloponnese Peninsula in Greece …

Reference evapotranspiration (ET o) is considered as an essential component in
hydrological and agro meteorological processes. Its accurate estimation becomes an …

In this research, artificial neural network (ANN) is used for estimating wheat and maize daily
standard evapotranspiration. Ten ANN models with different structures were designed for …

Evaporation is one of the most important components in the energy and water budgets of
lakes and is a primary process of water loss from their surfaces. An artificial neural network …

The present study develops ArcMap models to implement the following three methods: FAO-
56 Penman–Monteith (FAO PM), Hargreaves–Samani (HS) and Hansen, with the former …

Actual evapotranspiration (ETa) has been insufficiently investigated in Greece. This study
aimed to estimate annual ETa by empirical methods (Turc, modified Turc, and Coutagne) for …

Due to the fact of water resource deterioration from human activities and increased demand
over the last few decades, optimization of management practices and policies is required, for …

Abstract The Penman–Monteith evapotranspiration (ET) model has superior predictive
ability to other methods, but it is challenging to apply in several Indian stations, owing to the …