Membrane technologies have been widely applied in water treatment, wastewater
reclamation and seawater desalination. Feed spacer present in spiral wound membrane …

The robustness, reliability and efficiency of modern numerical methods for obtaining
solutions to flow problems have given rise to the adoption of Computational Fluid Dynamics …

Applications of membrane technology in water desalination and wastewater treatment have
increased significantly in the past few decades due to its many advantages over other water …

A systematic study is presented on the effect of both Reynolds (Re) and Schmidt (Sc)
numbers on Sherwood (Sh) number, for narrow channels with spacers, closely simulating …

Spiral-wound membrane (SWM) modules are the most common membrane configuration
utilized in reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration. The enhancement of SWM module …

Feed spacers are used in spiral wound reverse osmosis (RO) membrane modules to keep
the membrane sheets apart as well as to enhance mixing. They are beneficial to membrane …

A numerical and experimental study is presented, aimed at obtaining a better understanding
of transport phenomena in spirally wound membrane elements, where feed flow spacers are …

Plate & frame and spiral-wound modules are used for gas separation, pervaporation,
reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, electro-dialysis, electro …

The optimal flow pattern for mass transfer enhancement in spacer-filled channels is
characterized by the coexistence of transversal and longitudinal vortices in the flow close to …

Membrane filtration has become firmly established as a primary technology for ensuring the
purity, safety and/or efficiency of the treatment of water or effluents. In this paper, we review …