▪ Abstract Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other retroviruses acquire their
envelopes and spread infection by budding through the limiting membranes of producer …

The release of retrovirus particles from the infected cell is greatly stimulated by short motifs,
known as “late” or “L” domains, present within the Gag precursor protein. Three distinct …

Infection of human cells with poliovirus induces the proliferation of double-membraned
cytoplasmic vesicles whose surfaces are used as the sites of viral RNA replication and …

Exosomes are secreted, single membrane organelles of∼ 100 nm diameter. Their
biogenesis is typically thought to occur in a two-step process involving (1) outward vesicle …

A critical early event in the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) particle assembly pathway is the targeting of
the Gag protein to the site of virus assembly. In many cell types, assembly takes place …

Exosomes are secreted organelles that have the same topology as the cell and bud outward
(outward is defined as away from the cytoplasm) from endosome membranes or endosome …

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infects CD4+ T lymphocytes and monocytes/
macrophages, incorporating host proteins in the process of assembly and budding. Analysis …

Immature dendritic cells (DCs) capture HIV type 1 (HIV-1) and can transmit captured virus
particles to T cells. In this report, we show that HIV-1 particles captured by DCs can be …

Recently proposed models that have gained wide acceptance posit that HIV-1 virion
morphogenesis is initiated by targeting the major structural protein (Gag) to late endosomal …

In macrophages, HIV-1 has been shown to bud into intracellular structures that contain the
late endosome marker CD63. We show that these organelles are not endosomes, but an …