Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) organize knowledge on the progression of toxicity
through levels of biological organization. By determining the linkages between toxicity …

Epigenetics is the study of mitotically or meiotically heritable changes in gene function that
occur without a change in the DNA sequence. Interestingly, epigenetic changes can be …

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a globally produced brominated flame retardant
(BFR) used primarily as an additive FR in polystyrene and textile products and has been the …

Over the past 25 years, extensive research in vertebrate species has identified several
genomic pathways altered by exposures to anthropogenic chemicals with hormone-like …

The inland silverside, Menidia beryllina, is a euryhaline fish and a model organism in
ecotoxicology. We previously showed that exposure to picomolar (ng/L) levels of endocrine …

Globally, feminization responses in wild male freshwater fish are caused by exposure to
estrogenic chemicals, including natural and synthetic estrogens, contained in effluents from …

Not all stress is stressful; instead, it appears that stress in the environment, below the
mutation threshold, is essential for many subtle manifestations of population structures and …

Epigenetics, as a DNA signature that affects gene expression and enables rapid reaction of
an organism to environmental changes, is likely involved in the process of biological …

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that are not
readily degraded in the environment. They are typically lipophilic, bioaccumulating in tissues …

Epigenetic mechanisms are an underappreciated and often ignored component of an
organism's response to environmental change and may underlie many types of phenotypic …