Calcium (Ca2+) functions as a second messenger that is critical in regulating fundamental
physiological functions such as cell growth/development, cell survival, neuronal …

Macroautophagy is a lysosomal degradative pathway or recycling process that maintains
cellular homeostasis. This autophagy involves a series of sequential processing events …

Purpose of Review Mitochondria are recognized to be one of the most important organelles
in chondrocytes for their role in triphosphate (ATP) generation through aerobic …

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked muscle-wasting disease caused by the
loss of dystrophin. DMD is associated with muscle degeneration, necrosis, inflammation …

Autophagy is a process of intracellular self-recycling and degradation that plays an
important role in maintaining cell homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanism of …

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by the absence of the dystrophin protein
and a properly functioning dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC) in muscle cells …

It is well established that ryanodine receptors (RyanRs) are overactive in Alzheimer's
disease (AD), and it has been suggested that inhibition of RyanR is potentially beneficial for …

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by a pronounced and progressive
degradation of the structure of skeletal muscles, which decreases their strength and lowers …

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked neuromuscular disease caused by a
pathogenic disruption of the DYSTROPHIN gene that results in non-functional dystrophin …

Tendinopathy is a prevalent aging-related disorder characterized by pain, swelling, and
impaired function, often resulting from micro-scarring and degeneration caused by overuse …