Brain aging is a recognized risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's
disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, Lou Gehrig's …

Mitochondria have multiple functions such as supplying energy, regulating the redox status,
and producing proteins encoded by an independent genome. They are closely related to the …

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH), a disease afflicting numerous individuals worldwide,
is a primary cause of cognitive deficits, the pathogenesis of which remains poorly …

Aging has a detrimental impact on white matter, resulting in reduced volume, compromised
structural integrity of myelinated axons, and an increase in white matter hyperintensities …

Radiation-induced brain injury (RBI) presents a significant challenge for patients undergoing
radiation therapy for head, neck, and intracranial tumors. This review aims to elucidate the …

Background Oxidative stress and microglial activation are critical pathomechanisms in
ischemic white matter injury. Microglia, as resident immune cells in the brain, are the main …

Damaged mitochondria accumulation in diabetes is one of the main features that contribute
to increased incidence of cognitive impairment by inducing apoptosis. Butyrate is a major …

Background Microglial cell iron load and inflammatory activation are significant hallmarks of
late-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). In vitro, microglia preferentially upregulate the iron …

Ferroptosis, an emerging paradigm of programmed cellular necrosis posited in recent years,
manifests across a spectrum of maladies with profound implications for human well-being …

Myelin damage is frequently associated with central nervous system (CNS) diseases and is
a critical factor influencing neurological function and disease prognosis. Nevertheless, the …