Inter-individual variability in drug response, be it efficacy or safety, is common and likely to
become an increasing problem globally given the growing elderly population requiring …

A primary goal of human genetics is to identify DNA sequence variants that influence
biomedical traits, particularly those related to the onset and progression of human disease …

In 2009, the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC, www. cpicpgx.
org), a shared project between Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base (PharmGKB …

The field of pharmacogenomics (PGx) is gradually shifting from the reactive testing of single
genes toward the proactive testing of multiple genes to improve treatment outcomes, reduce …

Over the past decade, pharmacogenetic testing has emerged in clinical practice to guide
selected cardiovascular therapies. The most common implementation in practice is …

The Pharmacogene Variation Consortium (PharmVar) is now providing star (*) allele
nomenclature for the highly polymorphic human SLCO1B1 gene encoding the organic anion …

Individuals differ substantially in their response to pharmacological treatment. Personalized
medicine aspires to embrace these inter-individual differences and customize therapy by …

Advances in technologies for assessing genomic variation and an increasing understanding
of the effects of genomic variants on health and disease are driving the transition of …

Pharmacogenomic testing can be an effective tool to enhance medication safety and
efficacy. Pharmacogenomically actionable medications are widely used, and approximately …

Purpose Pharmacogenomics (PGx) studies how inherited genetic variations in individuals
affect drug absorption, distribution, and metabolism. PGx panel testing can potentially help …