BNIP3 and NIX are proteins related to the BH3-only family, which induce both cell death and
autophagy. Consistent with their ability to induce cell death, BNIP3 and NIX are implicated in …

Mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) is a core cellular activity. In this review, we consider
mitophagy and related cellular processes and discuss their significance for human disease …

Mitophagy is a conserved intracellular catabolic process responsible for the selective
removal of dysfunctional or superfluous mitochondria to maintain mitochondrial quality and …

Autophagy is the cellular homeostatic pathway that delivers large cytosolic materials for
degradation in the lysosome. Recent evidence indicates that autophagy mediates selective …

Nix is a membrane‐anchored outer mitochondrial protein that induces mitophagy. While Nix
has an LC3‐interacting (LIR) motif that binds to ATG8 proteins, it also contains a minimal …

Migration on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) that
does not correlate with formula molecular weights, termed “gel shifting,” appears to be …

Mutations in PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1) cause early onset familial Parkinson's
disease (PD). PINK1 accumulates on the outer membrane of damaged mitochondria …

Mitophagy, the elimination of damaged mitochondria through autophagy, promotes neuronal
survival in cerebral ischemia. Previous studies found deficient mitophagy in ischemic …

The present review is a summary of the recent literature concerning Bnip3 expression,
function, and regulation, along with its implications in mitochondrial dysfunction, disorders of …

The rapid accumulation of knowledge on apoptosis regulation in the 1990s was followed by
the development of several experimental anticancer‐and anti‐ischaemia (stroke or …