Auxin participates in a multitude of developmental processes, as well as responses to
environmental cues. Compared with other plant hormones, auxin exhibits a unique property …

The protein ubiquitin is a covalent modifier of proteins, including itself. The ubiquitin system
encompasses the enzymes required for catalysing attachment of ubiquitin to substrates as …

Members of the Arabidopsis thaliana PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER1 (PHT1) family are key
players in acquisition of Pi from the rhizosphere, and their regulation is indispensable for the …

Endocytosis and endosomal trafficking are essential processes in cells that control the
dynamics and turnover of plasma membrane proteins, such as receptors, transporters, and …

Endocytosis provides a major route of entry for membrane proteins, lipids, and extracellular
molecules into the cell. Recent evidence indicates that multiple cellular processes require …

Root hairs are highly specialized cells found in the epidermis of plant roots that play a key
role in providing the plant with water and mineral nutrients. Root hairs have been used as a …

Auxin controls almost every aspect of plant development. Auxin is distributed within the plant
by passive diffusion and active cell-to-cell transport. PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin efflux …

Tight control of membrane protein homeostasis by selective degradation is crucial for proper
cell signaling and multicellular organismal development. Membrane proteins destined for …

Proximity labeling is a powerful approach for detecting protein-protein interactions. Most
proximity labeling techniques use a promiscuous biotin ligase or a peroxidase fused to a …

Ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation is an important mechanism to control protein
load in the cells. Ubiquitin binds to a protein on lysine residue and usually promotes its …