Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) has been a recognized clinical entity for 31 years, since its first
description in 1990. TTS is now routinely diagnosed in patients who present with acute chest …

This is the first part of a scientific statement from the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the
European Society of Cardiology focused upon the pathophysiology of Takotsubo syndrome …

Protein kinase A (PKA) is a central regulator of cardiac performance and morphology.
Myocardial PKA activation is induced by a variety of hormones, neurotransmitters, and stress …

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) accounts for between 1 and 4% of cases presenting clinically as
an acute coronary syndrome. It typically presents as a transient cardiac phenotype of left …

Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is identified as an acute severe ventricular systolic dysfunction,
which is usually characterized by reversible and transient akinesia of walls of the ventricle in …

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTS) has become a recognised clinical entity since the
Japanese scientist Sato first described it in 1990. Despite an increasing number of …

It is well-known that gender is an independent risk factor for some types of cardiac
arrhythmias. For example, males have a greater prevalence of atrial fibrillation and the …

Importance Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an acute, reversible heart failure syndrome
featured by significant rates of in-hospital complications. There is a lack of data for risk …

Biological sex influences disease development and progression. The steroid hormone 17β-
oestradiol (E2), along with its receptors, is expected to play a major role in the manifestation …

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for mortality. The prevalence, clinical
correlates, and prognostic impact of AF in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) have not yet been …