The rising burden of chronic disease poses a challenge for all public health systems and
requires innovative approaches to effectively improve population health. Persisting …

Aims To apply methods for measuring the affordability of beer in a large cross section of
countries, and to investigate trends in affordability of beer over time. Methods We use the …

Background During the 1990s, inequalities in smoking prevalence by socioeconomic status
(SES) have widened in Europe. Since then, many tobacco control policies have been …

Objectives This study calculates cigarette affordability for 78 countries worldwide from 2001
to 2014 using the Relative Income Price (RIP) ratio defined as the percentage of per capita …

Background The empirical evidence shows that tobacco consumption is strongly associated
with its affordability. The nominal growth in tobacco prices imposed by taxation should …

tobacco control; policy process; advocacy coalition framework; multiple streams approach;
tobacco act; ministry of health; dutch smoking or health foundation; self-regulation; policy …

Background Recent studies have shown that more opportunities exist for tax avoidance
when cigarette excise tax structure departs from a uniform specific structure. However, the …

Background The tobacco industry (TI) can act to undermine the impact of tobacco tax
increases by adopting various pricing strategies. Little is known about strategies used …

The World Health Organization has rated alcohol abuse as one of the leading risk factors for
population health worldwide and emphasises the relevance of alcohol affordability (AA) …

Aims To examine the role of national wealth in the association between family affluence and
adolescent weekly smoking, early smoking behaviour and weekly smoking among former …