The prevalence of cardiovascular and metabolic disease coupled with kidney dysfunction is
increasing worldwide. This triad of disorders is associated with considerable morbidity and …

Generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) is necessary for both physiology and pathology.
An imbalance between endogenous oxidants and antioxidants causes oxidative stress …

Significance: A common link between all forms of acute and chronic kidney injuries,
regardless of species, is enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and …

Intrarenal autoregulatory mechanisms maintain renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular
filtration rate (GFR) independent of renal perfusion pressure (RPP) over a defined range (80 …

Diabetes is one of the five leading causes of death in the world, with type 2 diabetes
occurring more frequently than type 1. Management of diabetes without side effects is still a …

The principal cell of the kidney collecting duct is one of the most highly regulated epithelial
cell types in vertebrates. The effects of hormonal, autocrine, and paracrine factors to regulate …

Endothelin (ET) peptides and their receptors are intimately involved in the physiological
control of systemic blood pressure and body Na homeostasis, exerting these effects through …

The kidney is innervated with efferent sympathetic nerve fibers that directly contact the
vasculature, the renal tubules, and the juxtaglomerular granular cells. Via specific …

There is growing evidence that oxidative stress contributes to hypertension. Oxidative stress
can precede the development of hypertension. In almost all models of hypertension, there is …

Despite major advances in understanding the pathophysiology of hypertension and
availability of effective and safe antihypertensive drugs, suboptimal blood pressure (BP) …