Since Hedin's characterization of trypsin and antitrypsin in 1906,(1) arguably the first
account of a regulatory protein–protein interaction (PPI), contemporary understanding of …

GIGANTEA (GI) is a plant specific nuclear protein and functions in diverse physiological
processes such as flowering time regulation, light signaling, hypocotyl elongation, control of …

The activity of surface receptors is location specific, dependent upon the dynamic membrane
trafficking network and receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME). Therefore, the spatio …

RNA interference is a biological process whereby small RNAs inhibit gene expression
through neutralizing targeted mRNA molecules. This process is conserved in eukaryotes …

Conserved microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) are sensed by pattern
recognition receptors (PRRs) on cells of plants and animals. MAMP perception typically …

Plants respond to diverse biotic and abiotic stimuli as well as to endogenous developmental
cues. Many of these stimuli result in altered activity of phospholipase D (PLD), an enzyme …

The circadian clock provides organisms with the ability to adapt to daily and seasonal
cycles. Eukaryotic clocks mostly rely on lineage-specific transcriptional-translational …

A significant challenge for plants is to induce localized defense responses at sites of
pathogen attack. Therefore, host subcellular trafficking processes enable accumulation and …

The treatment of a biological system with small molecules to specifically perturb cellular
functions is commonly referred to as chemical biology. Small molecules are used …

Remodeling of actin filament arrays in response to biotic and abiotic stimuli is thought to
require precise control over the generation and availability of filament ends. Heterodimeric …