Diseases affecting the anterior segment of the eye are the primary causes of vision
impairment and blindness globally. Drug administration through the topical ocular route is …

Ocular drug delivery has constantly challenged ophthalmologists and drug delivery
scientists due to various anatomical and physiological barriers. Static and dynamic ocular …

Treatment options for retinal diseases, such as neovascular age-related macular
degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal vascular disorders, have markedly expanded …

The eye is a complex organ consisting of several protective barriers and particular defense
mechanisms. Since this organ is exposed to various infections, genetic disorders, and visual …

Eye-drop formulations should hold as high a concentration of soluble drug in contact with
ocular epithelium for as long as possible. However, eye tears and frequent blinking limit …

The human eye is a complex organ with unique anatomy and physiology that restricts the
delivery of drugs to target ocular tissues/sites. Recent advances in the field of pharmacy …

The traditional intravitreal injection delivery of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti‐
VEGF) to the posterior segment of the eye for treatment of retinal diseases is invasive and …

The efficacy of drugs administered by traditional routes is limited by numerous biological
barriers that preclude reaching the intended site of action. Further, full body systemic …

Topical drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye is a very complex challenge.
However, topical delivery is highly desired, to achieve an easy-to-use treatment option for …

Microglia have been implicated in many degenerative eye disorders, including retinitis
pigmentosa, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, uveitis, and …