Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a diverse group of Gram-positive, nonsporulating, low G+ C
content bacteria. Many of them have been given generally regarded as safe status. Over the …

Increasing evidence shows the nasal epithelium to be the initial site of SARS-CoV-2
infection, and that early and effective immune responses in the upper respiratory tract (URT) …

Antibodies against the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP) can block
hepatocyte infection by sporozoites and protect against malaria. Needle-free vaccination …

Developing effective vaccines is an important weapon in the battle against potential
pathogens and their evolving antibiotic resistance trends. Several vaccine delivery vectors …

Mucosal immunization is advantageous over other routes of antigen delivery because it can
induce both mucosal and systemic immune responses. Our goal was to develop a mucosal …

Rapid development and deployment of vaccines greatly reduced mortality and morbidity
during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most widely used COVID-19 vaccines approved by …

Lactobacilli are common microorganisms in diverse vegetables and meat products and
several of these are also indigenous inhabitants in the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract of humans …

Microbial cell surface display has attracted greater attention than ever and has numerous
potential applications in biotechnology. With the safety and probiotic properties, lactic acid …

Vaccination is an efficient and cost-effective form of preventing infectious diseases.
However, most currently available vaccines are delivered by injection, which makes mass …

The use of Lactococcus lactis for the co‑delivery of antigens and cytokines has been shown
to successfully induce a special immune response. However, it is unknown whether the …