Free-electron lasers produce extremely brief, coherent, and bright laser-like photon pulses
that allow to image matter at atomic resolution and at timescales faster than the …

Laser excitation of nanometer-sized atomic and molecular clusters offers various
opportunities to explore and control ultrafast many-particle dynamics. Whereas weak laser …

Femtosecond laser pulses have proven to provide valuable insight into the dynamics of
microscopic systems by using pump–probe techniques. Applied to atomic clusters even a …

A simple, analytical, nonrelativistic ionization rate formula for atoms and positive ions in
intense ultraviolet and x-ray electromagnetic fields is derived. The rate is valid at arbitrary …

A theory describing above-threshold ionization of atoms and ions in a strong
electromagnetic field is presented. It is based on the widely known strong field …

The ultrashort and intense pulses of X-rays produced at X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs)
have enabled unique experiments on the atomic level structure and dynamics of matter, with …

Filling the need for a book bridging the effect of matter on X-ray radiation and the interaction
of x-rays with plasmas, this monograph provides comprehensive coverage of the topic. As …

The interaction of noble gas clusters with intense, VUV radiation is investigated by molecular
dynamics simulations. It is shown that the free-electron laser cluster interaction creates a …

FLASH, the first FEL operating at short wavelength, has paved the way for novel types of
experiments in many different scientific disciplines. Key questions for the first experiments …

Free electron lasers (FELs) offer the unprecedented capability to study reaction dynamics
and image the structure of complex systems. When multiple photons are absorbed in …