This review focuses on the monophyletic group of animal RNA viruses united in the order
Nidovirales. The order includes the distantly related coronaviruses, toroviruses, and …

Arteriviruses are positive-stranded RNA viruses that infect mammals. They can cause
persistent or asymptomatic infections, but also acute disease associated with a respiratory …

Over one third of all known proteolytic enzymes are serine proteases. Among these, the
trypsins underwent the most predominant genetic expansion yielding the enzymes …

Our knowledge about the structure and function of the nonstructural proteins (nsps) encoded
by the arterivirus replicase gene has advanced in recent years. The continued …

Coronavirus genome replication and transcription take place at cytoplasmic membranes and
involve coordinated processes of both continuous and discontinuous RNA synthesis that are …

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is an enveloped, positive-
sense single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Arteriviridae family. Arteriviruses and …

RNA viruses are the only known RNA-protein (RNP) entities capable of autonomous
replication (albeit within a permissive host environment). A 33.5 kilobase (kb) nidovirus has …

In (+) RNA coronaviruses, replication and transcription of the giant∼ 30 kb genome to
produce genome‐and subgenome‐size RNAs of both polarities are mediated by a cognate …

Medicinal plants have been known to provide the essential raw material for the majority of
antiviral drugs. This study demonstrated the putative inhibitory potential of curcumin, allicin …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to pose an
enormous threat to economic activity and public health worldwide. Previous studies have …