Heavy metals is a collective term describing metals and metalloids with a density higher
than 5 g/cm3. Some of them are essential micronutrients; others do not play a positive role in …

Water pollution by heavy metals has many human origins, such as the burning of fossil fuels,
exhaust gases of vehicles, mining, agriculture, and incineration of solid and liquid wastes …

Copper (Cu) is an essential metal for human, animals and plants, although it is also
potentially toxic above supra-optimal levels. In plants, Cu is an essential cofactor of …

Health implications to the population due to the consumption of contaminated vegetables
has been a great concern all over the world. In this study, the levels of heavy metals (Cr, Cd …

Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic metal in aquatic environments. Fish are at the top of the food
chain in most aquatic environments, and are the most susceptible to the toxic effects of Pb …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were initially recognized as toxic by-products of aerobic
metabolism. In recent years, it has become apparent that ROS plays an important signaling …

With modern day urbanization and industrialization, heavy metal (HM) contamination has
become a prime concern for today's society. The impacts of metal contamination on …

Microalgae, the primary producers in water ecosystems, are the main food of fish and
shrimp. Microalgae have a great capacity to absorb heavy metals, and low concentrations of …

An effective strategy to engineer selective photodynamic agents to surmount bacterial‐
infected diseases, especially Gram‐positive bacteria remains a great challenge. Herein, we …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as a normal product of plant cellular
metabolism. Various environmental stresses lead to excessive production of ROS causing …